diff --git a/src/auth/models/user.ts b/src/auth/models/user.ts
index 033953e..cc182c0 100644
--- a/src/auth/models/user.ts
+++ b/src/auth/models/user.ts
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ const usersTable = cfUser;
 const orgsTable = cfOrgs;
 const userSecretsTable = cfUserSecrets;
 
+// 常量定义
+const JWKS_TOKEN_EXPIRY = 2 * 3600; // 2 hours in seconds
+
 export const redis = useContextKey<Redis>('redis');
 
 type TokenOptions = {
@@ -77,6 +80,32 @@ export class User {
    * @param uid
    * @returns
    */
+  /**
+   * 创建JWKS token的通用方法
+   */
+  private static async createJwksTokenResponse(user: { id: string; username: string }, opts: { expire?: number } = {}) {
+    const expiresIn = opts?.expire ?? JWKS_TOKEN_EXPIRY;
+    const accessToken = await jwksManager.sign({
+      sub: 'user:' + user.id,
+      name: user.username,
+      exp: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + expiresIn,
+    });
+    await oauth.setJwksToken(accessToken, { id: user.id, expire: expiresIn });
+    
+    const token = {
+      accessToken,
+      refreshToken: accessToken,
+      token: accessToken,
+      refreshTokenExpiresIn: expiresIn,
+      accessTokenExpiresIn: expiresIn,
+    };
+    
+    return {
+      type: 'jwks',
+      ...token,
+    };
+  }
+
   async createToken(uid?: string, loginType?: 'default' | 'plugin' | 'month' | 'season' | 'year' | 'week' | 'jwks', opts: TokenOptions = {}) {
     const { id, username, type } = this;
     const oauthUser: OauthUser = {
@@ -90,30 +119,12 @@ export class User {
       oauthUser.orgId = id;
     }
     if (loginType === 'jwks') {
-      const expiresIn = opts?.expire ?? 2 * 3600; // 2 hours
-      const accessToken = await jwksManager.sign({
-        sub: 'user:' + this.id,
-        name: this.username,
-        exp: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + expiresIn,
-      });
-      await oauth.setJwksToken(accessToken, { id: this.id, expire: expiresIn });
-      return {
-        type: 'jwks',
-        accessToken: accessToken,
-        refreshToken: accessToken,
-        token: accessToken,
-        refreshTokenExpiresIn: expiresIn,
-        accessTokenExpiresIn: expiresIn
-      };
+      return await User.createJwksTokenResponse(this, opts);
     }
     const token = await oauth.generateToken(oauthUser, { type: loginType, hasRefreshToken: true, ...opts });
     return {
       type: 'default',
-      accessToken: token.accessToken,
-      refreshToken: token.refreshToken,
-      token: token.accessToken,
-      refreshTokenExpiresIn: token.refreshTokenExpiresIn,
-      accessTokenExpiresIn: token.accessTokenExpiresIn,
+      ...token,
     };
   }
   /**
@@ -129,40 +140,63 @@ export class User {
    * @param refreshToken
    * @returns
    */
-  static async refreshToken(refreshToken: string) {
-    if (refreshToken?.includes?.('.')) {
+  static async refreshToken(opts: { refreshToken?: string, accessToken?: string }) {
+    const { refreshToken, accessToken } = opts;
+    let jwsRefreshToken = accessToken || refreshToken;
+    if (oauth.getTokenType(jwsRefreshToken) === 'jwks') {
       // 可能是 jwks token
-      const jwksToken = await oauth.getJwksToken(refreshToken);
+      const jwksToken = await oauth.getJwksToken(jwsRefreshToken);
       if (!jwksToken) {
         throw new CustomError('Invalid refresh token');
       }
-      const decoded = await jwksManager.decode(refreshToken);
-      const sub = decoded.sub;
-      const username = decoded.name;
-      const expiresIn = 2 * 3600; // 2 hours
-      const newToken = await jwksManager.sign({
-        sub,
-        name: username,
-        exp: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + expiresIn,
+      const decoded = await jwksManager.decode(jwsRefreshToken);
+      return await User.createJwksTokenResponse({ 
+        id: decoded.sub.replace('user:', ''), 
+        username: decoded.name 
       });
-      oauth.setJwksToken(newToken, { id: sub.replace('user:', ''), expire: expiresIn });
-      return {
-        type: 'jwks',
-        accessToken: newToken,
-        refreshToken: newToken,
-        token: newToken,
-        refreshTokenExpiresIn: expiresIn,
-        accessTokenExpiresIn: expiresIn,
+    }
+    if (!refreshToken && !accessToken) {
+      throw new CustomError('Refresh Token or Access Token 必须提供一个');
+    }
+    if (accessToken) {
+      try {
+        const token = await User.refreshTokenByAccessToken(accessToken);
+        return token;
+      } catch (e) {
+        // access token 无效，继续使用 refresh token 刷新
       }
     }
+    const token = await User.refreshTokenByRefreshToken(refreshToken);
+    return {
+      type: 'default',
+      ...token,
+    };
+  }
+  static async refreshTokenByAccessToken(accessToken: string) {
+    const accessUser = await User.verifyToken(accessToken);
+    if (!accessUser) {
+      throw new CustomError('Invalid access token');
+    }
+    const refreshToken = accessUser.oauthExpand?.refreshToken;
+    if (refreshToken) {
+      return await User.refreshTokenByRefreshToken(refreshToken);
+    } else {
+      await User.oauth.delToken(accessToken);
+      const token = await User.oauth.generateToken(accessUser, {
+        ...accessUser.oauthExpand,
+        hasRefreshToken: true,
+      });
+      return {
+        type: 'default',
+        ...token,
+      };
+    }
+  }
+  static async refreshTokenByRefreshToken(refreshToken: string) {
     const token = await oauth.refreshToken(refreshToken);
     return {
       type: 'default',
-      accessToken: token.accessToken,
-      refreshToken: token.refreshToken,
-      token: token.accessToken,
-      accessTokenExpiresIn: token.accessTokenExpiresIn,
-      refreshTokenExpiresIn: token.refreshTokenExpiresIn,
+      ...token
     };
   }
   /**
@@ -171,30 +205,17 @@ export class User {
    * @returns 
    */
   static async resetToken(refreshToken: string, expand?: Record<string, any>) {
-    if (refreshToken?.includes?.('.')) {
+    if (oauth.getTokenType(refreshToken) === 'jwks') {
       // 可能是 jwks token
       const jwksToken = await oauth.getJwksToken(refreshToken);
       if (!jwksToken) {
         throw new CustomError('Invalid refresh token');
       }
       const decoded = await jwksManager.decode(refreshToken);
-      const sub = decoded.sub;
-      const username = decoded.name;
-      const expiresIn = 2 * 3600; // 2 hours
-      const newToken = await jwksManager.sign({
-        sub,
-        name: username,
-        exp: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + expiresIn,
+      return await User.createJwksTokenResponse({ 
+        id: decoded.sub.replace('user:', ''), 
+        username: decoded.name 
       });
-      oauth.setJwksToken(newToken, { id: sub.replace('user:', ''), expire: expiresIn });
-      return {
-        type: 'jwks',
-        accessToken: newToken,
-        refreshToken: newToken,
-        token: newToken,
-        refreshTokenExpiresIn: expiresIn,
-        accessTokenExpiresIn: expiresIn,
-      };
     }
     return await oauth.resetToken(refreshToken, expand);
   }
@@ -296,10 +317,9 @@ export class User {
     const users = await query.limit(1);
     return users.length > 0 ? new User(users[0]) : null;
   }
-  static findByunionid() {
-
-  }
-
+  /**
+   * 创建新用户
+   */
   static async createUser(username: string, password?: string, description?: string) {
     const user = await User.findOne({ username });
     if (user) {
diff --git a/src/auth/oauth/oauth.ts b/src/auth/oauth/oauth.ts
index 5511d7e..285afcd 100644
--- a/src/auth/oauth/oauth.ts
+++ b/src/auth/oauth/oauth.ts
@@ -298,6 +298,28 @@ export class OAuth<T extends OauthUser> {
     }
     return false;
   }
+  /**
+   * 获取token类型：jwks, secretKey, accessToken, refreshToken
+   * @param token 要检查的token
+   * @returns token类型或null
+   */
+  getTokenType(token: string) {
+    if (!token) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    if (token.includes('.')) {
+      return 'jwks';
+    }
+    if (token.startsWith('sk_')) {
+      return 'secretKey';
+    }
+    if (token.startsWith('st_')) {
+      return 'accessToken';
+    }
+    if (token.startsWith('rk_')) {
+      return 'refreshToken';
+    }
+  }
   /**
    * 刷新token
    * @param refreshToken
@@ -406,18 +428,23 @@ export class OAuth<T extends OauthUser> {
    */
   async setJwksToken(token: string, opts: { id: string; expire: number }) {
     const expire = opts.expire ?? 2 * 3600; // 2 hours
-    const id = opts.id || '';
+    const id = opts.id || '-';
     // jwks token的过期时间比accessToken多3天，确保3天内可以用来refresh token
     const addExpire = 3 * 24 * 3600;
     await this.store.redis.set('user:jwks:' + token, id, 'EX', expire + addExpire);
   }
-  async deleteJwsToken(token: string) {
+  async deleteJwksToken(token: string) {
     await this.store.redis.expire('user:jwks:' + token, 0);
   }
+  /**
+   * 获取后就删除jwks token，确保token只能使用一次。
+   * @param token 
+   * @returns 
+   */
   async getJwksToken(token: string) {
     const id = await this.store.redis.get('user:jwks:' + token);
     if (id) {
-      this.deleteJwsToken(token);
+      this.deleteJwksToken(token);
     }
     return id;
   }
diff --git a/src/routes/user/me.ts b/src/routes/user/me.ts
index d08559f..bf97700 100644
--- a/src/routes/user/me.ts
+++ b/src/routes/user/me.ts
@@ -256,6 +256,7 @@ app
   .route({
     path: 'user',
     key: 'switchCheck',
+    description: '切换用户或切换为用户组，获取切换后的token',
     middleware: ['auth'],
   })
   .define(async (ctx) => {
@@ -263,23 +264,13 @@ app
     const { username, accessToken } = ctx.query.data || {};
 
     if (accessToken && username) {
-      const accessUser = await User.verifyToken(accessToken);
-      const refreshToken = accessUser.oauthExpand?.refreshToken;
-      if (refreshToken) {
-        const result = await User.refreshToken(refreshToken);
-        createCookie(token, ctx);
-
-        ctx.body = result;
-        return;
-      } else if (accessUser) {
-        await User.oauth.delToken(accessToken);
-        const result = await User.oauth.generateToken(accessUser, {
-          ...accessUser.oauthExpand,
-          hasRefreshToken: true,
-        });
+      const result = await User.refreshToken({ accessToken });
+      if (result.accessToken) {
+        console.log('refreshToken result', result);
         createCookie(result, ctx);
         ctx.body = result;
-        return;
+      } else {
+        ctx.throw(500, 'Refresh Token Failed, please login again');
       }
     } else {
       const result = await ctx.call(
@@ -355,18 +346,19 @@ app
       args: {
         data: z.object({
           refreshToken: z.string().describe('刷新token'),
+          accessToken: z.string().optional().describe('使用访问token去刷新token，如果提供了访问token，优先使用访问token去刷新token，刷新失败才会使用refreshToken去刷新'),
         }),
       }
     }
   })
   .define(async (ctx) => {
-    const { refreshToken } = ctx.query.data || {};
+    const { refreshToken, accessToken } = ctx.query.data || {};
     try {
-      if (!refreshToken) {
-        ctx.throw(400, 'Refresh Token is required');
+      if (!refreshToken && !accessToken) {
+        ctx.throw(400, 'Refresh Token or Access Token 必须提供一个');
       }
-      const result = await User.refreshToken(refreshToken);
-      if (result) {
+      const result = await User.refreshToken({ accessToken, refreshToken });
+      if (result.accessToken) {
         console.log('refreshToken result', result);
         createCookie(result, ctx);
         ctx.body = result;